Basalt fiber processing preparation and drawing process performance

Production process:
Basalt fiber is mainly produced in pond kilns, and its overall production process is shown in the figure, which can be roughly divided into the following four steps:
(1)Feeding: Put the crushed Basalt raw materials into the storage device, and then according to a certain procedure of timing, quantitative, uniformly thrown into the melting furnace;
(2)Sample melting: In the sample melting furnace, using electricity or gas or a combination of electrical means, the raw material is melted into a melt of uniform composition and stable temperature and viscosity, with a melting temperature of about 1500℃;
(3) Melt transfer: The melt is transferred to the wire drawing system with a constant and uniform temperature above the drain plate;
(4) Drawing: the melt through the leakage plate, under the action of self-weight pulling into a filament, collection into a bundle, in the rapid winding under the action of continuous stretching and thinning, drawing temperature is generally 1320 ~ 1450 ℃.

Drawing process issues:
Basalt fiberdrawing process there are still some problems, the Basalt Fiber enterprises in the fiber manufacturing, and production technology level there are certain differences:

(1) low melting efficiency, and high energy costs. In the furnace technology, China's basalt fiberenterprises mainly use all-electric melting furnaces and a gas-electric combination of two kinds of furnaces, there are mainly problems, such as low melting efficiency, low yield, melting not sufficient, etc., generally used in the drawing of the number of leakage plate for 400 or 600 holes, a few enterprises can reach 800 ~ 1200 holes or even larger, with the ordinary Glass Fiber using 4000 ~ 8000 holes of the leakage plate Compared with the common glass fiber 4000 ~ 8000 holes of the leakage plate, the production efficiency is very low.

(2) infiltrating agent technology is complex. The infiltrating agent is a basalt fiber preparation of key additives to enhance the lubricity of the fiber, antistatic, adhesion, etc. has a very important role; at present, there is a single variety of infiltrating agent, formula design complexity, the use of technical difficulties and other issues.

(3) The leakage plate is easy to corrode and the replacement cost is high. At present, basalt fiber manufacturers mainly use platinum-rhodium alloy leakage plates, electro-melting heating will make iron oxides to the bottom of the kiln enriched, and accelerate the erosion of platinum-rhodium alloy, shortening the service life of the leakage plate, so that the production cost increases.

Schematic diagram of basalt fiber production process

1 - Crushed stone silo;  2 - Hopper;  3 - Transportation system;  4 - Batch charging device;  5 - Initial melting zone;  6 - Secondary heating zone with precise temperature control;
7 - Leakage plate and pulling;  8 - Sizing device;  9 - Formation of strands;  10 - Fiber tensioning device;  11 - Automatic winding device